20 Spelling Rules

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Spelling Rule 1
If a word ends in –y, change the –y to –i to add any suffix, except with –ing or when –y follows a vowel.

eg. 

carry – carried; carrying

play – played, playing


Spelling Rule 2
Always have 2 consonants follow a short vowel sound before adding –y, -ed, -ing or –er.

eg. 

run – running

jump – jumper


Spelling Rule 3
-e goes away when –ing comes to stay.

eg. 

come – coming  

fake – faking


Spelling Rule 4
When the words all, full and till are used as suffixes and prefixes, one ‘l’ is dropped.

eg. already; fulfill; until


Spelling Rule 5
Drop the –e at the end of a word when adding any suffix beginning with a vowel or –y.

eg. 

bake+ ing = baking

shake + y = shaky

nerve + ous = nervous


Spelling Rule 6
Keep the –e at the end of a word when adding a suffix beginning with a consonant.

eg. 

price + less = priceless

move + ment = movement


Spelling Rule 7
The prefixes –dis and –mis never drop their ‘s’ even when added to a word beginning with ‘s’.

eg. dis-ability; dis-satisfied; mis-understood; mis-spell


Spelling Rule 8
Words ending in –ce and –ge drop the –e when adding –ing, -er and –ed, but keep the –e when adding –able and –ous.

eg. notice – noticing – noticeable


Spelling Rule 9
One syllable word with short vowel sounds (a,e,i,o,u) are followed by ‘ck’; eg. pack, trick, stuck
‘k’ goes in front of ‘e’ and ‘i’; eg. keg, kiss. c’ goes in front of ‘a’, ‘o’, ‘u’; 

eg. cat, cot, cut


Spelling Rule 10
‘k’, ‘g’ and ‘p’ are silent at the beginning of a word if followed by a consonant (usually ‘n’).

eg. knee, gnaw, pneumonia


Spelling Rule 11
Words ending in –e drop the ‘e’ before a suffix beginning with a vowel, but retain it before a suffix beginning with a consonant.

eg. move - movable - movement


Spelling Rule 12
When the suffix ‘ice’ or ‘ise’ is written after a word, ‘ice’ is used for nouns and ‘ise’ is used for verbs.

eg. 

notice, practice (nouns) Exercise, practise (verbs)


Spelling Rule 13
Adjectives ending in –le after a consonant form adverbs by dropping the –e and adding –y.

eg. gentle = gently


Spelling Rule 14
‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’ with the sound of ‘eeee’ (exception ‘seize’).

eg. brief, receive


Spelling Rule 15
Most words of 2 or more syllables ending in ‘l’ have only one final ‘l’

eg. 

initial, parallel, fulfil.
1 syllable words = double l:  full, ball, roll


Spelling Rule 16
Words ending in a single consonant following a long accented vowel do not double the consonant when adding a suffix.

eg. beat/beaten/beating/beater


Spelling Rule 17
Words ending in a single consonant other than ‘l’, but not accented on the last syllable, do not double the consonant when adding a suffix.

eg. gallop - galloper - galloping


Spelling Rule 18
Words ending in a single consonant following a short vowel sound double the consonant when adding a suffix.

eg. bat - batted - batting - batter


Spelling Rule 19
Words ending in a single ‘l’ double the ‘l’ when adding a suffix.

eg. chisel - chiselled - chiselling


Spelling Rule 20
To add ‘full’ as a suffix to a root word drop one ‘l’.

eg. 

wonder – wonderful

help – helpful